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Mizoram is a state in northeast India, with Aizawl as its seat of government and capital city. The name of the state is derived from "Mizo", the self-described name of the native inhabitants, and "Ram", which in the Mizo language means "land." Thus "Mizo-ram" means "land of the Mizos". Within India's northeast region, it is the southernmost landlocked state, sharing borders with three of the Seven Sister States, namely Tripura, Assam and Manipur. The state also shares a 722-kilometre border with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar.
Mizoram was previously part of Assam until 1972, when it was carved out as a Union Territory. In 1986 the Indian Parliament adopted the 53rd amendment of the Indian Constitution, which allowed for the creation of the State of Mizoram on 20 February 1987, as India's 23rd state.
The literacy rate of Mizoram stood at 91.33 per cent making it the third most literate state in the country after Kerala and Lakshadweep
Between 1750 and 1850, the people of the Mizo tribe came from the nearby Chin Hills, settled here and subjugated the local people. Later, similar tribes united and formed their own society. The Mizo developed an autocratic political system based on 300 hereditary heads. The Mizo tribes remained unaffected by any foreign political influence, but only until the British annexed Assam under the Yandabo Treaty in 1826. After the British rule in 1891, the Lushai mountainous region of North under Assam and half the southern part remained under West Bengal for a few years. In 1898, the two were merged to form a district called 'Lushai Hills district,' which came under the administration of the Chief Commissioner of Assam. Mizoram became a Union Territory in 1972 when the North-Eastern Areas Reorganization Act came into force. It was granted the honor of full state on February 20, 1987, after an official agreement between the Government of India and the Mizo National Front in 1986.
Geologically, the Mizo Hills form a part of the Rakhine (Arakan) Mountains, a series of compact parallel ridges with a north-south axis formed of sandstone, limestone, and shales— all Cenozoic rocks between 2.6 and 65 million years old. The ridges, separated by narrow river valleys, rise to about 7,000 feet (2,100 metres). In the south, the Kaladan River and its tributaries flow southward into Myanmar, while the Dhaleswari (Tlawng) and Sonai (Tuirail) rivers flow north into Assam.
The climate in Mizoram is moderate. During the coolest months (November through February), temperatures in the state typically rise from the low 50s (low 10s C) into the high 60s F (about 20 °C) daily. In the warmest months (June through August), minimum temperatures are in the high 60s F, while maximum temperatures usually peak in the mid-80s F (about 30 °C). Rainfall averages about 100 inches (2,500 mm) annually, with most brought by the southwest monsoon (which blows from May to September).
More than three-fourths of the land area of Mizoram is forested. Thick evergreen forests contain valuable timber trees, such as champak (Michelia champaca), ironwood, and gurjun (genus Dipterocarpus). The woodlands also provide habitat for many animals, including elephants, tigers, bears, deer, monkeys, gibbons, and serows (wild goatlike mammals). Such animals are protected in a number of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
Music and dance are important elements in Mizo cultural life, with many festivities associated with the Christian holidays. Other celebrations, however, are centred on significant phases of the agricultural cycle. The mim kut, for instance, is held in August or September, after the first harvest of the year; it is intended both to give thanks and to honour deceased relatives. The pawl kut is also a harvest festival, which takes place in December or January. Among shifting agriculturalists, the chapchar kut is held at the start of the agricultural year, after the forest has been felled and before the burning of the new fields begins—usually sometime in March.
Mizoram, popularly known as 'the land of hills, is a beautiful state located in the northeast of India. Mizoram is a fusion of the old North and South Lushai Mountains. The land of Mizoram has unique natural beauty, a variety of landscapes, rich flora and fauna, clusters of pines, and peculiar villages with bamboo houses.
The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of Mizoram, and hence the weather remains pleasant throughout the year. 'The Blue Mountains' highest mountain of Mizoram with steep hills and deep valleys, is more than 2165 meters high.
Ziona Chana, a 76-year-old man who had 39 wives and 94 children and was said to be the head of the world's largest family. His family lives in a large, four-storey pink building with about 100 rooms.
The Cheraw dance has also made its way to the Guinness Book of World Records as the largest and the longest bamboo dance. The event took place after the traditional harvest festival of Mizos called ‘Chapchar Kut ’ on 12th of March 2010. The record was set by 10,736 performers half of them girls who danced to traditional music for eight minutes. The record-breaking event saw the performers from Aizawl and outskirts lining up to a 3 km stretch of a road besides a football field in the Assam Rifles complex. Only 2518 performers could be accommodated in the field while the remaining 8218 danced on the road. To ensure that the dancers along the road performed to precision, 42 horns were set up at the strategic points to air the tune.
Vantawng Falls
Situated about 137 km away from Aizawl in the Vanva river near Thenzawl, the Vantawng fall or the Vantawng Khawhthla is the most popular, spectacular and the highest of all waterfalls in Mizoram. It has been named after Vantawng, who was an excellent swimmer.
Tuirihiau Falls
Tuirihiau falls is an amazing waterfall that remains uncrowded most of the time because many people haven’t heard of it yet. The Tuirihiau falls is upstream of the Vantawng falls and 24 meters shorter than Karnataka’s jog falls.
The Khawh Pawp Waterfall
The Khawh Pawp waterfall is located in Aizawl. A strong water current runs through a hole in the rock which has created this spectacular waterfall. After reaching the place, one needs to walk for a distance of 500 m. The natural beauty of this place attracts tourists every year.
Mizoram's cuisine is mild, zesty and tinted with influences of North Indian and Chinese cuisines. Like in most of the North-East regions, rice is a staple and usually goes with a non-vegetarian preparation, usually fish and with fresh, local and seasonal vegetables.
DRESS
One of the traditional attires worn by Mizoram women is the traditional dress called 'Puan'. Beautifully intricated design with perfect fit makes it the most preferred dress for the people of Mizoram. The traditional attire worn by men is a combination of elegance and traditional designs. They wear a loose-fitting shirt known as “Puan” and traditional loincloth known as “Pheirawn”, along with a headgear, it’s a traditional yet modern look.
Mizo people have a number of dances which are accompanied with few musical instrument like the gong and drum. Khuallam: Khuallam literary means 'Dance of the Guests'. It is a dance usually performed in the ceremony called 'Khuangchawi. Cheraw: Cheraw is a very old traditional dance of the Mizos. It is believed that the dance had already existed way back in the 1st Century A.D., while the Mizos were still somewhere in the Yunan Province of China. Chailam: Chailam is a popular dance performed on the occasion of 'Chapchar Kut' one of the most important festivals of the Mizos. In this dance, men and women stand alternatively in circles, with the women holding on to the waist of the man, and the man on the women's shoulder. In the middle of the circle are the musicians who play the drums and the mithun's horn. Chheihlam: Chheihlam' originated after the year 1900 on the lines of the songs known as 'Puma Zai' and the dance known as 'Tlanglam'. It is a dance that embodies the spirit of joy and exhilaration. It is performed to the accompaniment of a song called 'Chheih hla'. Tlanglam: Tlanglam is performed throughout the length and breadth of the State. Using music of Puma Zai, there have been several variations of the dance. This dance is one of the most popular dances these days by our cultural troupes in various places.
CHAPCHAR KUT FESTIVAL
The Chapchar Kut Festival is one of the major festivals in Mizoram. This vibrant and colourful festival signifies the welcome of Spring season in the state. Hence the people of Mizoram celebrate the culture in full glory.
MIM KUT FESTIVAL
The Mim Kut Festival is yet another important harvest festival in the state of Mizoram. It is dedicated to the loved ones and the departed souls.
Mizoram, which is the Land of Mountains, is known for the Mizoram Festivals that are performed during various times of the year. It is known for its tourism, culture, and traditions. The main tourist spots of Mizoram include its waterfalls, hill stations, lakes, and rivers and the main spot is the Capital of Mizoram; Aizawal.
Author
D SNOFA ,I YEAR- ECE ‘B’
2023-10-19